Relates operating business value to the capital invested in it. The meaning depends on the definition of invested capital and the returns that capital earns.
EV/IC = Enterprise value / invested capital
A numerical breakdown that reconciles with this multiple is unavailable, so only the formula definition is shown.
What does the historical comparison mean?
The cheap/expensive label compares the current multiple with the supplied three-year median. It is a comparison with this company’s own history, not with every stock in its industry. A lower multiple can also reflect weaker growth or greater risk.
Why can forward multiples look different?
A forward multiple uses an estimated future financial measure instead of the trailing figure. A lower forward ratio may reflect expected improvement, but that improvement is not yet a reported result. Read the forecast period and assumptions before comparing it with the current multiple.